You’ve saved a down payment and feel you’re ready to buy your first home. You have no idea of what it’s going to take to secure a mortgage loan. You’ve read the headlines and know getting a home loan these days is much harder than it was five years ago. But what does it take to qualify for a home loan?
The first thing you need is credit history. Most lenders now require a minimum credit score of 620 and three trade lines (accounts) with satisfactory payment history for 12 months. If you have not established credit seek the advice of a mortgage professional.
If you have established credit but have issues with one or more of the following; payment history, collections, charge offs, judgments, repossession or maybe a past bankruptcy, short sale or foreclosure seek the advice of a mortgage professional. They will be able to offer the best advice on your specific situation to improve your credit worthiness. These issues may require you to pay off or pay down some account balances, or wait the required time period after a bankruptcy, foreclosure or short sale.
Next, income is required. You must have a constant source of income to be used as a basis for repayment of the debt. In order to ensure you can pay the existing debt you have, and repay the new mortgage a basic calculation will be used to determine your debt-to-income ratio (add up all the debt that you currently have, plus the new housing payment and divide it by your gross monthly income). The maximum allowable debt to income ratio varies for each type of loan. If your debt to income ratio exceeds 50% you may need to pay down some of your existing debt. Seek the advice of your mortgage professional.
Assets, or in simple terms, cash in the bank! Down payment requirements vary with loan type. For example, FHA (Federal Housing Administration) has a minimum down payment requirement of 3.5% of the purchase price of the home, whereas a conventional loan may have a down payment of 10 to 20%. Gift funds are allowable for most loans. Your mortgage professional will advise you of specific criteria for your loan type.
You’ll also need to take into account the closing costs for the purchase. A rule of thumb is roughly 3% of the purchase price is needed for closing costs. In some instances, the seller may contribute towards the closing costs. There are maximum amounts the seller is allowed to contribute and these vary with loan type. Consult with your mortgage professional for specific details for your loan.
Lastly, you’ll need to provide a loan application, authorization to have your credit reports pulled and supporting documents for the loan you hope to secure. Below is a list of typical items a lender will ask for.
- Pay stubs to encompass a 30 day period.
- Federal Tax Returns for the most recent two year period.
- W2’s and/or 1099’s for the two most recent tax years.
- Bank statements for all accounts showing most recent two month activity.
- The statement of any IRA, brokerage or investment account you will be withdrawing funds from to close your loan.
Although this is a very basic list of items needed to initiate the preapproval of a loan, you will most likely be required to provide additional documents once the loan is reviewed by underwriting. Your mortgage professional will advise based upon specific loan type and your personal situation.